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| Key vocabulary | ||||
| cómo | how? or what? | ¿Cómo? is an interrogative word (question word). In Spanish, interrogative words carry accent marks. | ||
| ¿Qué tal? | How's it going? | This is an idiom and therefore, can not be translated directly. | ||
| estás | you (familiar) are |
This is the tú form of the verb estar, which means to be. This is the familiar form. You would use with friends or peers. |
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| está | you (polite) are | This is the usted form of the verb estar, which means to be. This is the polite form. This form shows respect and used when talking to an adult or someone in a position of authority. | ||
| estoy | I am | This is the yo form of the verb estar, which means to be. This form is only used when yo is the subject. | ||
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¿Cómo estás? (How are you?) familiar |
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 Ask a friend "How are you?" (FAMILIAR) |
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¿Cómo estás? or ¿Cómo estás tú? |
How are you? |
 Tú is the subject pronoun for
you. In
Spanish the subject pronoun is not always used. The
verb itself tells you what the subject is. With the
verb form estás,
tú is always the subject.
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¿Qué tal? |
How's it going? | This is a more casual way of asking how someone is. | ||
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¿Cómo está? (How are you?) polite |
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 Ask a an adult or person in authority "How are you?" (POLITE, FORMAL) |
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¿Cómo estás? or ¿Cómo estás tú? |
How are you? |
Tú is the subject pronoun for
you. In
Spanish the subject pronoun is not always used. The
verb itself tells you what the subject is. With the
verb form estás,
tú is always the subject.
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 Answering "I am ...." |
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Estoy bien, gracias. |
I'm well, thanks. |
Estoy means I
am.
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Estoy regular, gracias. |
I'm all right, thanks. |
Estoy means
I am.
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Estoy mal, gracias. |
I'm not so good, thanks. |
Estoy means I am. |
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Estoy más o menos.
OR |
I am so-so. OR So-so. |
Estoy means I am. |
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