VocabularyTellingTimeC1V2L1

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Key vocabulary
	¿Qué hora es?	What time is it?
	Es la una ___.	It is one ___ o'clock.	Es la is only used with times involving 1.
	Son las __ ___.	It is __ ___ o'clock.	Son las is used with all times except those involving 1. Literally They are ___.
	y	and	used to add minutes up to 1-29 after the hour
	y media	half past, __:30
	cuarto	quarter; 15 minutes
	menos	minus; until the hour; before the hour	used to subtract minutes before the hour 1-29 before the hour
	en punto	on the dot
	mediodía	noon
	medianoche	midngiht
	de la mañana	in the morning
	de la tarde	in the afternoon; in the evening	encompasses the time from 1:00 P.M. until about 6:00 P.M.
	de la noche	at night	after 6:00 P.M.


¿Qué hora es?	What time is it?	Literally what hour is it.
Son las ___.	It is ____.	This form is used for any number except one.
Es la una.	It is 1:00.	Notice the change in verb and definite article with *1 o'clock. With any time that includes una* (one) in the hour you must use es la instead of son las. Also you must use una the feminine form.

To tell the time (except for times around 1 o'clock), use Son las ... plus the hour.
	Son las nueve.	It is 9 o'clock.
For times including 1 o'clock, use Es la una ....
	Es la una.	It is 1 o'clock.
To state the number of minutes past or after the hour, you add the number of minutes to the hour. So you would say the name of that hour then "y" (and/plus) the number of minutes. This is true up to half past the hour.
	Son las tres y diez.	It is 3:10.
	Son las dos y veinticinco.	It is 2:25.
	Es la una y veinte.	It is 1:20.
After half past the hour, you need to state the number of minutes before the coming hour. So you would give the next hour less "menos" (minus) the number of minutes to go before that hour.
	Son las tres menos diez.	It is 2:50. OR It is 10 minutes till three.
	Son las dos menos veinticinco.	It is 1:35. OR It is 25 minutes till two.
	Es la una menos veinte.	It is 12:40. OR It is 20 minutes till one.
To express "a quarter" use: cuarto.
	Son las cinco y cuarto.	It is 5:15.
	Son las cinco menos cuarto.	It is 4:45.
	Es la una menos cuarto.	It is 12:45.
To express "half past" or "thirty" use: y media.
	Son las cinco y media.	It is 5:30.
	Es la una y media.	It is 1:30.


de la mañana	A.M. morning	6 a.m. to noon
de la tarde	P.M. afternoon	noon to 6 p.m.
de la noche	P.M. evening (night)	6 p.m. to 6 a.m.
en punto	on the dot	This would be used to say it is exactly whatever time you are referring to. Son las once y media en punto. It is 11:30 on the dot. Es a las ocho en punto. It is at 8:00 on the dot.
el mediodía	noon	To say it is noon: Es mediodía.
la medianoche	midnight	To say it is midnight: Es medianoche.

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